Binge eating scores pre-bariatric surgery and subsequent weight loss: A prospective, 5 years follow-up study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: To compare groups of bariatric patients with preoperative scores of Binge Eating Scale (BES) above and below the clinical cut off value on weight outcomes up to 60 months following surgery. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study involving 108 Brazilian patients (follow-up rate: 48.1%) operated by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. In the preoperative period, they were clinically evaluated, and BES was applied. Based on the scores, patients were categorized as high or low according to established cut off 17 for binge eaters. Follow-up weight loss was obtained (3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months) using data from medical records. The percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) was examined by generalized linear model. RESULTS: 41.7% of patients had BES scores higher than 17 at baseline. Weight loss was significant up to 12 months. The greatest weight loss was at 24 months of follow-up, ranging from 2.7 to 110.4 kg (mean 42.9 ± 17.8 kg). In the short postoperative period (3, 24, and 36 months), %TWL was significantly different between groups. At 24 months, patients with higher scores lost more %TWL than those with lower scores (35.1 ± 0.8% vs 31.6 ± 0.7%, p = 0.029). However, this difference was not fount at 60 months postoperatively (mean 28.9 ± 9.6%). In a multivariate analysis, the presence of depression, age, and BES score were not associated with %TWL at 24 and 60 months. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that preoperative BES scores point to a similar weight loss after bariatric surgery. Further studies with long-term follow-up are necessary to evaluate this finding.

Attentional bias to unhealthy food in individuals with severe obesity and binge eating.

Attentional bias is an implicit cognition relevant to development and maintenance of obesity, but little is known of how binge eating modulates attentional bias in severe obesity. This study investigated attentional bias towards unhealthy foods at different stages of attentional processing in a clinical sample, comparing obese patients (Body Mass Index, BMI>35 kg/m2) with and without binge eating behaviors. Participants were separated into two groups according to their score on the Binge Eating Scale (BES): no binge eating (NB; score ≤17; n = 23) and binge eating (BE; score > 17; n = 19). Participants performed a computerized visual probe task designed to evaluate attentional bias in different stages of attentional process; matching pairs of unhealthy food and matching non-food pictures concealed a target for 100, 500 or 2000 ms. Reduced reaction times to targets following food-related images are indicative of attentional bias towards food images. BE group exhibited a greater bias towards food than NB. Both groups showed positive attentional bias to food in the initial orientation stage (100 ms), whereas bias was close to zero in the maintenance of attention stage (2000 ms), suggesting ambivalent approach-avoidance responses to food stimuli. Only the BE group showed a bias towards food images when displayed for 500 ms, indicating disengaging from food-related stimuli was faster in NB group. Although both groups were ambivalent about attending to food cues, slower attentional disengagement from unhealthy food might be a cognitive marker of binge eating behavior in severe obesity.

Caregivers' attitudes and practices: influence on childhood body weight.

Childhood excess weight is probably associated with, or reflected in, parental attitudes. The objective of this study was to study the relationships between childhood excess weight and parental attitudes. The study subjects were 53 boys and 56 girls, aged 6-10, regularly attending schools in Porto Alegre, south Brazil, and one of their parents or caregivers. Attitudes of the parents or caregivers were assessed by the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFD). Weight and height of the children were measured, parents self-reported their weight and height and body mass indexes were calculated for both. The WHO criteria for overweight and obesity were used for the adults. The CDC criteria for overweight and risk for overweight were used for the corresponding children. Boys presented excess weight more often than girls. The parents of children with excess weight showed higher scores for perceived child weight, concern about child weight, restriction and monitoring. In logistic regression, excess weight in children was associated with perceived child weight, restriction and male sex; pressure to eat was negatively associated with excess BMI. In Porto Alegre, south Brazil, excess body weight in children aged 6-10 is associated with parental perceived child weight and concern about it, monitoring and restriction; being a boy increases the odds of being overweight.

Considerações acerca da avaliação psicológica das comorbidades psiquiátricas em obesos / Consideraciones sobre la evaluación psicológica de las comorbidades psiquiátricas en obesos / Consideration about psychological assessment of psychiatric co morbidity in obese

Pretende-se neste artigo apresentar uma revisão teórica sobre avaliação psicológica, obesidade e comorbidades psiquiátricas mais frequentes na população obesa. A obesidade é uma doença clínica de múltiplas causas, e atualmente é considerada uma epidemia; assim seu adequado entendimento deve envolver uma equipe composta por diversos profissionais de saúde, incluindo o psicólogo. Serão abordadas questões pertinentes ao tema de obesidade, como etiologia, incidência e a relação entre obesidade e transtornos psiquiátricos. Serão propostos alguns instrumentos com o objetivo de estruturar informações necessárias ao tratamento e à demanda do paciente obeso, e reflexões referentes à avaliação psicológica em obesos e a prática do profissional de psicologia.(AU)

We intend in this article to present a theoretical review about psychological assessment, obesity and psychiatric co morbidity. Obesity is a clinical illness, it has multi factorial causes, and nowadays it is considered an epidemic, so the right knowledge must involve all health professional, include the psychologist. In this article we talk about something related to obesity, like etiology, prevalence, obesity and mental disorder. We suggest some instruments to structure essential information related to the treatment and the obese patient objective, and we reflect about psychological assessment in obesity and the psychologist professional practice.(AU)

Se pretiende en ese artículo presentar una revisión teórica sobre la evaluación psicológica, obesidad y comorbidades psiquiátricas más frecuentes en esa población. La obesidad es una enfermedad clínica con diversas causas y actualmente es considerada una epidemia, así el adecuado entendimiento de la obesidad debe involucrar un equipo compuesto por diversos profesionales de salud, incluso el psicólogo. En ese artículo serán abordadas cuestiones pertinentes a la temática de la obesidad, como etiología, prevalencia y la relación entre obesidad y los trastornos psiquiátricos. Serán propuestos algunos instrumentos* con el objetivo de estructurar informaciones necesarias al tratamiento y a la demanda del paciente obeso, reflexiones referentes a la evaluación psicológica en obesos y la práctica del profesional de Psicología(AU)

Considerações acerca da avaliação psicológica das comorbidades psiquiátricas em obesos / Consideraciones sobre la evaluación psicológica de las comorbidades psiquiátricas en obesos / Consideration about psychological assessment of psychiatric co morbidity in obese

Pretende-se neste artigo apresentar uma revisão teórica sobre avaliação psicológica, obesidade e comorbidades psiquiátricas mais frequentes na população obesa. A obesidade é uma doença clínica de múltiplas causas, e atualmente é considerada uma epidemia; assim seu adequado entendimento deve envolver uma equipe composta por diversos profissionais de saúde, incluindo o psicólogo. Serão abordadas questões pertinentes ao tema de obesidade, como etiologia, incidência e a relação entre obesidade e transtornos psiquiátricos. Serão propostos alguns instrumentos com o objetivo de estruturar informações necessárias ao tratamento e à demanda do paciente obeso, e reflexões referentes à avaliação psicológica em obesos e a prática do profissional de psicologia.

We intend in this article to present a theoretical review about psychological assessment, obesity and psychiatric co morbidity. Obesity is a clinical illness, it has multi factorial causes, and nowadays it is considered an epidemic, so the right knowledge must involve all health professional, include the psychologist. In this article we talk about something related to obesity, like etiology, prevalence, obesity and mental disorder. We suggest some instruments to structure essential information related to the treatment and the obese patient objective, and we reflect about psychological assessment in obesity and the psychologist professional practice.

Se pretiende en ese artículo presentar una revisión teórica sobre la evaluación psicológica, obesidad y comorbidades psiquiátricas más frecuentes en esa población. La obesidad es una enfermedad clínica con diversas causas y actualmente es considerada una epidemia, así el adecuado entendimiento de la obesidad debe involucrar un equipo compuesto por diversos profesionales de salud, incluso el psicólogo. En ese artículo serán abordadas cuestiones pertinentes a la temática de la obesidad, como etiología, prevalencia y la relación entre obesidad y los trastornos psiquiátricos. Serán propuestos algunos instrumentos* con el objetivo de estructurar informaciones necesarias al tratamiento y a la demanda del paciente obeso, reflexiones referentes a la evaluación psicológica en obesos y la práctica del profesional de Psicología